Gutunganya hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ni inzira y'ingenzi yo kurangiza ubuso bumeze neza kandi bufite isuku ikenewe mu nganda nka farumasi, ikoranabuhanga rya bio, ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, ndetse n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Nubwo "gutunganya hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi" ari ijambo rikoreshwa mu buryo bugereranye, gutunganya hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi birema ubuso bufite ubushobozi buke cyane bwo gukaraba n'ingufu nke zo hejuru, ibyo bikaba "bidahinduka" ku bintu byanduye, mikorobe n'amazi.
Dore incamake irambuye y'uko ikora n'impamvu ari nziza mu bijyanye n'isuku:
Electropolishing ni iki?
Electropolishing ni uburyo bwo gukuraho urwego rw'ibikoresho ruciriritse, rugenzurwa (ubusanzwe 20-40µm) ku buso bw'icyuma, akenshi ibyuma bita austenitic stainless steels (nka 304 na 316L). Igice gikora nk'anode (+) mu bwogero bwa electrolytic (akenshi ni uruvange rwa aside sulfuric na fosforique). Iyo umuriro ukoreshejwe, iyoni z'icyuma zishongeshwa ziva ku buso zijya muri electrolyte.
Uburyo bwo Gutunganya Ibyiciro Bibiri
1. Kugabanya ingano ya Macro (Kugabanya ingano ya Anodi):
· Ubucucike bw'amazi buri hejuru ku misozi miremire (ahantu hanini hato na hato) no ku nkengero kurusha mu bibaya bitewe no kuba hafi ya cathode.
· Ibi bituma imisozi ishonga vuba kurusha ibibaya, bigatunganya imiterere y'ubuso bwose kandi bigakuraho iminkanyari, uduce duto, n'ibimenyetso by'ibikoresho bivuye mu nganda.
2. Guhindura Ubushyuhe mu buryo buciriritse (Anodike Brightening):
· Ku rwego rwa mikorosikopi, ubuso bugizwe n'ibinyampeke bitandukanye bya kristu n'ibindi bikubiyemo.
· Gutunganya hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi bibanza gushonga ibikoresho bidakomeye, bidafite isura cyangwa bifite imbaraga nke, bigasiga inyuma ubuso bwiganjemo imiterere ihamye kandi ihamye ya kristali.
· Ubu buryo butuma ubuso bugenda neza ku rwego rwa sub-micron, bigabanya cyane ubukana bw'ubuso (Ra). Ubuso bukozwe mu buryo bwa mekanike bushobora kugira Ra ya 0.5 - 1.0 µm, mu gihe ubuso bukozwe mu buryo bwa electropolishe bushobora kugera kuri Ra < 0.25 µm, akenshi bukaba buri hasi ya 0.1 µm.
Impamvu ibi bitanga ubuso "busukuye" cyangwa "butagira icyuho"
Kugereranya mu buryo butaziguye: Gutunganya hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ugereranije no gutunganya hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi
| Ikiranga | Gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga (Abrasive) | Gutunganya amashanyarazi (Electrochemical) |
| Imiterere y'Isura | Irasiga kandi igapfunyika ibyuma hejuru y'imisozi n'ibibaya. Ishobora gufata imyanda. | Ikuraho ibintu ku mpinga, ikanaringaniza ubuso. Nta bintu byanduye byinjijwemo. |
| Gukuraho ikibazo | Ishobora kutagera ku buso bw'imbere cyangwa ku mikorobe. | Bitunganya ubuso bwose bwagaragaye, harimo n'imiterere y'imbere igoye. |
| Urusobe rw'inkongi | Bishobora gutuma habaho urwego ruto, rudasobanutse kandi rudahindagurika. | Ikora urwego runini, rungana, kandi rukomeye rwa chromium oxide passive. |
| Ingaruka zo kwandura | Ingaruka zo gukurura ibintu (umucanga, umwobo) mu kirere. | Gusukura ubuso hakoreshejwe imiti; bikuraho icyuma gishongeshejwe n'utundi duce. |
| Guhuza ibintu | Biterwa n'umukoresha; bishobora gutandukana mu bice bigoye. | Bisa cyane kandi bishobora gusubirwamo ku buso bwose. |
Porogaramu z'ingenzi
· Imiti/Biotekinoloji: Imiyoboro itunganya, fermenters, chromatography columns, imiyoboro (SIP / CIP systems), valve bodies, pompe internal.
· Ibiryo n'ibinyobwa: Guvanga ibigega, imiyoboro yo guteka amata, guteka, n'imitobe, n'ibikoresho byo gushyiramo.
· Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga: Ibikoresho byo kubaga, ibice byashyizwe mu mubiri, ibikoresho byo gukurura amagufwa, cannulae.
· Semiconductor: Ibice bikoresha amazi n'umwuka bifite isuku nyinshi.
Incamake
Gutunganya hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi bitanga ubuso bufite isuku "butagira ihindagurika" atari ukubuhindura bunoze neza mu buryo busanzwe, ahubwo no ku:
1. Gushonga kw'ibice bito cyane n'ibidatunganye hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi.
2. Gukora ubuso bumwe, budafite inenge bufite aho buhagarara hato cyane ku byanduza.
3. Kongera urwego rwa okiside rurwanya ingese.
4. Koroshya imiyoboro y'amazi n'isukura neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 16-2025