Menya ubwiza bw'imiyoboro y'icyuma kidashonga mu buzima bwiza bw'Ubuyapani

Uretse kuba Ubuyapani bugereranywa n'ubumenyi bugezweho, ni igihugu gifite ibisabwa byinshi mu bijyanye no kunoza ubuzima bwo mu rugo. Dufashe urugero rw'amazi yo kunywa ya buri munsi, Ubuyapani bwatangiye gukoreshaimiyoboro y'icyuma kitagira umwandank'imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu mijyi mu 1982. Muri iki gihe, igipimo cy'imiyoboro y'amazi y'icyuma kidashonga ikoreshwa i Tokyo, mu Buyapani kiri hejuru cyane kirenga 95%.

Kuki Ubuyapani bukoresha imiyoboro y'ibyuma bitagira umugese ku rugero runini mu bijyanye no gutwara abantu n'ibintu mu mazi yo kunywa?

Mbere ya 1955, imiyoboro ya galvanique yakoreshwaga cyane mu miyoboro y’amazi ya robine i Tokyo, mu Buyapani. Kuva mu 1955 kugeza mu 1980, imiyoboro ya plastike n’imiyoboro ya plastike byakoreshwaga cyane. Nubwo ibibazo by’amazi meza n’ibibazo byo kuva kw’imiyoboro ya galvanique byakemutse igice, kuva kw’amazi mu miyoboro y’amazi ya Tokyo biracyari bikomeye cyane, aho umuvuduko w’amazi wageraga kuri 40%-45% mu myaka ya 1970.

Ikigo gishinzwe gutanga amazi muri Tokyo cyakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku bibazo byo gusohoka kw'amazi mu gihe cy'imyaka irenga 10. Dukurikije isesengura, 60.2% by'amazi asohoka bitewe n'imbaraga nke z'imiyoboro y'amazi n'ingufu zo hanze, naho 24.5% by'amazi asohoka bitewe n'imiterere idakwiye y'imiyoboro. 8.0% by'amazi asohoka bitewe n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'inzira y'imiyoboro idasobanutse bitewe n'umuvuduko munini w'ingufu za pulasitiki.

Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, Ishyirahamwe ry’Abayapani rishinzwe amazi risaba kunoza ibikoresho by’imiyoboro y’amazi n’uburyo bwo kuyihuza. Guhera muri Gicurasi 1980, imiyoboro yose itanga amazi ifite umurambararo uri munsi ya mm 50 uvuye ku murongo w’amazi w’inyongera ugera ku gipimo cy’amazi izakoresha imiyoboro y’amazi y’icyuma kitagira umuhengeri, aho imiyoboro ihurira, inkokora na robine.

Dukurikije imibare ituruka mu ishami rishinzwe gutanga amazi rya Tokyo, uko igipimo cy’ikoreshwa ry’ibyuma bitagira umugese cyazamukaga kuva kuri 11% mu 1982 kikagera hejuru ya 90% mu 2000, umubare w’amazi yavuyemo waragabanutse uva ku birenga 50.000 ku mwaka mu mpera z’imyaka ya 1970 ugera kuri 2-3 mu 2000. , byakemuye ikibazo cy’imiyoboro y’amazi yo kunywa ku baturage.

Muri iki gihe i Tokyo, mu Buyapani, imiyoboro y'amazi ikozwe mu byuma bidashonga yashyizwe mu duce twose tw'imijyi, ibyo bikaba byarazamuye cyane ubwiza bw'amazi no kongera imbaraga mu kurwanya imitingito. Dukurikije ikoreshwa ry'imiyoboro y'amazi ikozwe mu byuma bidashonga mu Buyapani, dushobora gusanga ibyiza by'imiyoboro y'amazi ikozwe mu byuma bidashonga mu bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije, kubungabunga umutungo kamere, ubuzima n'isuku nta gushidikanya.

Mu gihugu cyacu, imiyoboro y'ibyuma bitagira umushongi yabanje gukoreshwa cyane mu nganda za gisirikare. Nyuma y'imyaka hafi 30 y'iterambere, ikoranabuhanga ry'ibicuruzwa ryateye imbere cyane, kandi ryinjiye buhoro buhoro mu bijyanye no gutwara amazi yo kunywa, kandi ryatejwe imbere cyane na guverinoma. Ku ya 15 Gicurasi 2017, Minisiteri y'Imiturire n'Iterambere ry'Imijyi n'Icyaro mu Bushinwa yasohoye "Umuyoboro w'amazi yo kunywa utaziguye ku nyubako n'ahantu ho gutura" Amabwiriza ya tekiniki y'Ubushinwa, avuga ko imiyoboro igomba kuba ikozwe mu miyoboro y'ibyuma bitagira umushongi ifite ubuziranenge. Muri ubu buryo, Ubushinwa bwabyaye itsinda ry'abahagarariye ibigo bya leta n'ibigo byigenga bifite ubushobozi buhanitse mu ikoranabuhanga.