Ubuyapani, usibye kuba igihugu kigereranywa na siyansi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ni n'igihugu gifite ibisabwa cyane kugira ngo umuntu abone ubumenyi mu buzima bwo mu rugo. Dufashe urugero rw'amazi yo kunywa ya buri munsi, Ubuyapani bwatangiye gukoreshaimiyoboro idafite ibyumank'imiyoboro itanga amazi yo mu mijyi mu 1982. Uyu munsi, igipimo cy'imiyoboro y'amazi idafite ibyuma ikoreshwa muri Tokiyo, mu Buyapani kiri hejuru ya 95%.
Kuki Ubuyapani bukoresha imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ku rugero runini mu bijyanye no gutwara amazi yo kunywa?
Mbere ya 1955, imiyoboro ya galvanis yakoreshwaga mu miyoboro itanga amazi ya Tokiyo, mu Buyapani. Kuva 1955 kugeza 1980, imiyoboro ya pulasitike hamwe nu byuma bya pulasitiki byakoreshwaga cyane. Nubwo ibibazo by’amazi n’ibibazo bitemba by’imiyoboro ya galvanise byakemuwe igice, gutemba mu muyoboro w’amazi wa Tokiyo biracyakomeye cyane, aho amazi yamenetse agera kuri 40% -45% bitemewe mu myaka ya za 70.
Ikigo gishinzwe gutanga amazi muri Tokiyo cyakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku bibazo byo kumena amazi mu myaka irenga 10. Nk’uko isesengura ribigaragaza, 60.2% y’amazi ava mu mazi biterwa n’imbaraga zidahagije z’ibikoresho by’amazi n’ingufu zo hanze, naho 24.5% by’amazi atemba biterwa no gushushanya bidafite ishingiro guhuza imiyoboro. 8.0% by'amazi yamenetse biterwa no gushushanya inzira idafite ishingiro kubera umuvuduko mwinshi wa plastiki.
Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, Ishyirahamwe ry’amazi y’Ubuyapani rirasaba kunoza ibikoresho by’amazi n’uburyo bwo guhuza. Guhera muri Gicurasi 1980, imiyoboro yose itanga amazi ifite umurambararo uri munsi ya mm 50 kuva kumurongo wingenzi wamazi ugana kuri metero yamazi bizakoresha imiyoboro y'amazi idafite ibyuma, guhuza imiyoboro, inkokora na robine.
Nk’uko imibare yaturutse mu ishami rishinzwe gutanga amazi muri Tokiyo ibivuga, kubera ko igipimo cy’imikoreshereze y’ibyuma kidafite ingese cyiyongereye kiva kuri 11% mu 1982 kigera ku barenga 90% mu 2000, umubare w’amazi yamenetse wagabanutse uva ku barenga 50.000 ku mwaka mu mpera za za 70 ugera kuri 2 -3 muri 2000., yakemuye byimazeyo ikibazo cyo kumena imiyoboro y'amazi yo kunywa kubaturage.
Uyu munsi i Tokiyo, mu Buyapani, hashyizweho imiyoboro y’amazi y’icyuma mu duce twose dutuyemo, ibyo bikaba byateje imbere ubwiza bw’amazi ndetse no kurwanya imitingito. Duhereye ku ikoreshwa ry’imiyoboro y’amazi y’icyuma mu Buyapani, dushobora kubona ko ibyiza by’imiyoboro y’amazi y’icyuma mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije bibisi, kubungabunga umutungo, n’ubuzima n’isuku bidashidikanywaho.
Mu gihugu cyacu, imiyoboro y'ibyuma idafite ingese yabanje gukoreshwa cyane mu nganda za gisirikare. Nyuma yimyaka igera kuri 30 yiterambere, ikoranabuhanga ryibicuruzwa ryateye imbere cyane, kandi ryinjiye buhoro buhoro mu bijyanye n’ubwikorezi bw’amazi yo kunywa, kandi ryatejwe imbere na guverinoma. Ku ya 15 Gicurasi 2017, Minisiteri ishinzwe imiturire n’iterambere ry’imijyi n’icyaro mu Bushinwa yasohoye “Umuyoboro w’amazi meza yo kunywa ku nyubako n’uturere” Amabwiriza ya tekiniki ya tekiniki ”, ateganya ko imiyoboro igomba kuba ikozwe mu miyoboro yo mu rwego rwo hejuru idafite umwanda. Muri ubu buryo, Ubushinwa bwabyaye itsinda ry’abahagarariye ibigo bya Leta n’ibigo byigenga bifite ubushobozi buhanitse mu ikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-21-2024