Ibyuma bitagira umwanda - bishobora kongera gukoreshwa kandi birambye

Ibyuma bitagira umugese bishobora kongera gukoreshwa kandi birambye

Kuva yatangira gukoreshwa mu 1915, icyuma kitagira umugese cyatoranijwe cyane gukoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye bitewe n’imiterere yacyo myiza ya mekanike n’iyangiritse. Ubu, uko ibyuma birushaho kwibandwaho mu guhitamo ibikoresho birambye, icyuma kitagira umugese kirimo kumenyekana cyane bitewe n’imiterere yacyo myiza ya ibidukikije. Icyuma kitagira umugese gishobora kongera gukoreshwa 100% kandi gikunze kuba cyujuje ibisabwa mu gihe cy’umushinga ufite igipimo cyiza cyo kugarura ubuzima. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kumenya ko nubwo akenshi habaho amahitamo agoye hagati yo gushyira mu bikorwa igisubizo cy’icyatsi kibisi no gushyira mu bikorwa igisubizo gihendutse, ibisubizo by’icyuma kitagira umugese akenshi bitanga amahirwe yo gukoresha byombi.

Icyuma kidasaza gishobora kongera gukoreshwa

Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bishobora kongera gukoreshwa 100% kandi ntibizangirika. Uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda ni kimwe no kubikora. Byongeye kandi, ibyuma bitagira umwanda bikozwe mu bikoresho byinshi fatizo, birimo icyuma, nikeli, chromium na molybdenum, kandi ibi bikoresho birakenewe cyane. Ibi bintu byose bihuriza hamwe bigatuma kongera gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda bihendutse cyane bityo bigatuma habaho igipimo cyo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bitagira umwanda kiri hejuru cyane. Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa n'Ihuriro Mpuzamahanga ry'Ibyuma bitagira umwanda (ISSF) bwerekana ko hafi 92% by'ibyuma bitagira umwanda bikoreshwa mu bwubatsi, ubwubatsi n'ubwubatsi hirya no hino ku isi bisubizwa mu buryo bushya mu mpera z'igikorwa. [1]

Mu 2002, ihuriro mpuzamahanga ry’ibyuma bitagira umugese ryagaragaje ko ubusanzwe ingano y’ibyuma bitagira umugese ikoreshwa mu byuma ...

Ibyuma bitagira umugese birambye

Uretse kuba ifite amateka meza yo kongera gukoreshwa no kugaruka mu gihe cy’irangira ry’ubuzima, icyuma kidashonga cyujuje ikindi gipimo cy’ingenzi cy’ibikoresho birambye. Iyo icyuma kidashonga gikwiye gitoranijwe kugira ngo gihuze n’ibidukikije byangiritse, icyuma kidashonga gishobora guhaza ibyo umushinga ukeneye mu buzima bwose. Nubwo ibindi bikoresho bishobora gutakaza ubushobozi bwabyo uko igihe kigenda gihita, icyuma kidashonga gishobora kugumana imikorere n’isura mu gihe kirekire. Inyubako ya Empire State (1931) ni urugero rwiza rw’imikorere myiza mu gihe kirekire n’uburyo ibyuma bidashonga byakoreshejwe mu kubaka bifite akamaro kanini. Inyubako yahuye n’umwanda mwinshi mu bihe byinshi, ikaba ifite umusaruro muke cyane wo gusukura, ariko icyuma kidashonga kiracyafatwa nk’aho kiri mu mimerere myiza [iii].

Ibyuma bitazangiza ibyuma - amahitamo arambye kandi ahendutse

Igishimishije cyane ni uko gutekereza ku bintu bimwe bituma icyuma kitagira umugese kiba amahitamo ku bidukikije bishobora no gutuma kiba amahitamo meza mu bukungu, cyane cyane iyo urebye ikiguzi cy'ubuzima bwose bw'umushinga. Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, imiterere y'icyuma kitagira umugese ishobora kongera igihe cy'umushinga igihe cyose icyuma kitagira umugese gikwiriye cyatoranijwe kugira ngo gihuze n'imiterere y'ubushyuhe bw'ikoreshwa runaka. Ibi, nabyo byongera agaciro k'ishyirwa mu bikorwa ugereranije n'ibikoresho bitagira igihe kirekire. Byongeye kandi, icyuma kitagira umugese ku mishinga y'inganda gishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cy'ubuzima bwo kubungabunga no kugenzura mu gihe kigabanya ikiguzi cy'igihe cyo gukora. Mu mishinga y'ubwubatsi, icyuma kitagira umugese gikwiye gishobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bimwe na bimwe bikomeye kandi kigakomeza kugumana ubwiza bwacyo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibi bishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gusiga amarangi no gusukura igihe cyose gishobora gukenerwa ugereranije n'ibindi bikoresho. Byongeye kandi, ikoreshwa ry'icyuma kitagira umugese rifasha mu kwemeza LEED kandi rigafasha kongera agaciro k'umushinga. Amaherezo, mu mpera z'igihe cy'umushinga, icyuma kitagira umugese gisigaye gifite agaciro kanini k'ibisigazwa.